![]() ![]() What one has to be sensitive to to understand this history, is that it occurred in different forms. GROSS: This was a federal law, or there were local laws and federal laws?īALDERRAMA: There was not a federal deportation act, even though in some of the literature, it makes reference to that. GROSS: So what did the order for deportation actually say?īALDERRAMA: Well, the deportation, key to keep in mind. I think one needs to keep in mind that in the American public at that time, Mexicans were targeted as a scapegoat partly because they are the most recent immigrant group to come to the United States in the early 20th century. GROSS: So what was behind these deportations? Was it the Depression?īALDERRAMA: Well, the Depression set the scenario for what happened. Conservatively, we are able to estimate that 60 percent of them were U.S. This occurred on a number of different levels through a formal deportation campaign at the federal government, then also efforts by major industries as well as efforts on the local and state level. Would you give us an overview of the scope of the mass deportations or the repatriation of the 1930s? Like, how many people were affected? And of those people, how many of them were actually American citizens?įRANCISCO BALDERRAMA: Well, conservatively, we're talking about over 1 million Mexican nationals and American citizens of Mexican descent from throughout the United States, from the American Southwest to the Midwest to the Pacific Northwest to the South, even Alaska included. Francisco Balderrama, welcome to FRESH AIR. ![]() Balderrama is a professor of American history and Chicano studies at California State University, Los Angeles. The book is called "Decade Of Betrayal: Mexican Repatriation In The 1930s." His late co-author, Raymond Rodriguez, had family that was forced out of the U.S. Perhaps the most widely cited book on the subject was co-written by my guest, Francisco Balderrama. But about 60 percent of the people in the Mexican repatriation drive were actually U.S. It was euphemistically referred to as repatriation, returning people to their native country. The deportation plan has echoes of a largely forgotten chapter of American history when, in the 1930s, during the Depression, about a million people were forced out of the U.S. Donald Trump has proposed immigration reform that would include building a wall on the Mexican border, paid for by Mexico, and calls for the mass deportation of immigrants who are in the U.S. The 30 Peabody Award honorees will be announced from June 6 to June 9.This is FRESH AIR. In addition to the Institutional Award, the Peabody Career Achievement Award was presented by Dolly Parton to broadcast journalist Dan Rather on May 19. Before receiving the Institutional Award, “Fresh Air” was a recipient of a 1993 Peabody honor. The series features Gross, as well as other interviewers, speaking to artists and notable public figures. In 1985, the show begin syndication through National Public Radio stations, and retains a high listenership to this day. “Fresh Air” was first broadcast in 1975 as a local program on Philadelphia public radio station WHYY. The Institutional Peabody Award is especially meaningful because it recognizes our show for the totality of episodes, our larger body of work and the efforts of our whole team.” “Good or bad, as soon as the show is over, it’s time to think about tomorrow’s episode. “We do a daily show, and not every episode is exactly worthy of an award,” Gross said in her acceptance speech. ![]() During her speech, Gross thanked Miller for his work producing the show daily, the guests who have appeared on the show, and the larger “Fresh Air” team who are responsible for making the program possible. Gross accepted the award with her longtime co-executive producer Danny Miller. ![]()
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